Nail capping machine



Jan. 5, 1932. E. v. swANGREN NAIL CAPPING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 1l. 1929 milj, 25125- Jan. 5, 1932. E. v. SWANGREN 1,839,450

NAIL CAPPING MACHINE Filed July 1l, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 l Y 11.30 101 E 105 Z I Fd/101370 ZI Swazfgnmf,

Jan, 5, 1932. E. v. swANGREN 1,839,450

NAIL CAPPING MACHINE Filed July 1l, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 @y 5W, Ew/(C5295.

E. V. SWANGREN NAIL GAPPING MACHINE Filed July 1l, 1929 `Fam., 5, 1932.

8 Sheets-Sheet -4 77151', cZwzln/ ZI Ewa,

Jan. 5, 1932. E. v. SWANGREN 1,839,450

NAIL CAPPING MACHINE Filed July l1, 1929 8 Shee'cs--Sheei'I 5 Jan. 5, 1932. E. v. swANGRl-:N I 1,839,450

NAIL CAPP ING MACHINE Filed Juiy 11. 1929 s sheets-sheet e F5512. 13 15 12g 11521L v 121930 127 3l hurl t" j Y i! @w Hlm@ 5"? l] 120 F512 i liu Y 570e... Fcwzym U Swcmgrem,

gjyji' SMTM @i Jan. 5, 1932. E. v. swANGRl-:N

NAIL CAPPING MACHINE Filed July 11, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Jan. 5, 1932. E. v. swANGREN 1,839,450

NAIL GAPPING MACHINE Filed July ll, 1929 8 SheetS-Sheet 8 dwzlw Swami/9173774 y @za/{} am MCM/5' Patented dan. 5,1 19232 nnwrn v. swaivennn, or MAYwooD, ILLINOIS, AssIGNoR To ALBERT J. nE'NisroN, J3.,

or cHIcAco, ILLINOIS f NAIL caprine MACHINE Application filed July 11, '1929,- Serial No. 377,425, and in lCanada April 6, 1929.'

My invention relates to an .improved power-operated machine for permanently se` curing lead caps or washers on the heads and shanks of wire nails. .l nails are at present quite extensively employed for securing sheet-metal rooing and siding to buildings, the function of the lead washer or cap being to eifectively sealv the hole in the sheet-metal through which the nail is driven against the ingress of .moisture and prevent leakage through the rusting of the sheet-metal around the head and shank et the nail. The machine` disclosed in the present application has been designed more especially for the manufacture of a lead-` headed nail substantially'lilre;that disclosedin 'Letters Patent No. 1,576,727 granted March 16, 1926 to Albert J. Deniston, Jr., but, by suitable modication of thedie matrix and plunger is capable-of applying other specific forms of washers or cap to na'ls. L i The principal object of the invention is to provide an eiiicient poweroperated Ina-Y chine by which the lead washer blanks may be rapidly applied to and permanently diepressed onto the head and shank of the nailk by a continuous operation wherein the nails and washer blanks are separately fed to the other and the washer forced over the stern of the nail and securely die-pressed around the neck and head of the latter.

@ther objects of the invention are to; pro- 3e vide eilicient means for conducting the nails and blanks to the point at which they are t0 be united, to provide an improved 'means for iirst impaling the washer on the stem of the nail, to provide improved vmeans for operation of a cooperating die and die punch,

to provide an improved die plunger` forA shaping and impressing the washer on the nail, and to provide means associated .with` Lead-headed machine, brought into register with each guiding the nail and washer to the iield of PATENT. carica l persons familiar with `machines of this typey line 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail vertical section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Y l

Fig.l,6 is a detail vertical section on the line (5k-6 of Fig. 3;v

Fig. 7 isan enlarged yview of the upper l portion of the machine showing the reciproeating cross-head and its guides in elevation,

v and the underlying washer applying mechanism' in vertical section on the line of Fig. 1; Y

Fig. 8 `is a top plan view of the cross-head guide traine, looking downwardly on Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is avertical' section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1';

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on the line 10e-100i? Fig. 9; v

Fig. 11 is an enlarged vertical sectional detail on the line 11-11 of Fig. 3; i

Fig. 12 is a vertical section on'the line 12-12 of Fig. 3; Y

Fig. 13 is an enlarged vert-ical section through the lower end of the nail chute and the nail receiving portion of the transfer wheel y Fig. 14 is a sectional detail throughthe nail feed chute on the line 14-14 of Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is an enlarged horizontal section on the line 15-15 of Fig. 12;

16vis an enlarged vertical section on the line 16-16 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is an enlarged vertical section `on the line 17-17 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 18 is an enlarged section on the linev 1.8-18 of Fig. 2, showing thecross-head and parts carried thereby in top plan;

Fig. 19 is a vertical section through the washer applying hammer and the cooperat-` ing parts of the nail carrier on line 19-19 of Fig. l

Fig. 2O is a fragmentary top plan of the washer applying turret and its guard wall;

Fig. 21 is a vertical sectional detail on the line 21*21 of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a vertical section through the die and die punch, showing the latter locked to the reciprocating cross-head carryingv the saine;

Fig. 23 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the die punch in unlocked position;

Fig. 24 is a horizontal section on the line 24E-2i of Fig--22; 1 p Fig. `is an elevationaldetail of a portion ofthe die plunger lock;

26 is an enlarged sectional detail of the punch nose and die matrix by whichthe washer'is-forined and pressed onto the nail;

Fig. 27 is an'elevation of the capped or washered nail, broken out between its ends, with the heard and washer thereof shown in vertical section.

VReferring to the drawings, 1 designates a rectangular horizontal table or nlatforin Vsupported on side frames 2 and four corner legs 2, said table and its` side, frames and legs forming a hollow frame that carries the p principal operating parts of the machine.

Mounted on one side of |table 1 is a hollov.7 casting 3 formed with an inclined bearing to receive a fixed shaft 4t (Figi 12), on which shaft'is liournaled a nail transfer wheel o. The wheel 5 is fornied with a beveled annular Y peripheral face in which arespaced radial nail-receiving notches or pockets 6 inost clearly shown in Figs. 3and Cooperating with the transfer wheel 5 is a horizontal turret 7 fornied with a depending annular peripheral flange-7a, a narrow ledge portion. of" which is formed with spaced vertical notches 8 Vthat receive the .nails in inverted position froin the transfer Wheel 5, the head of the nail resting on the table 1as clearly shown' in Figs. 12 and 16, The turret 7 is supported on an rnderlying disk 9 12) to which it is attached by a vwell-known safe- Y ty fasteninglO, and the disk 9 is keyed to a vertical shaft 11 iournaled in a long bearing yboss 12 on the under side of table 1.

Cooperating with the transfer wheel 5 is a gravity nail feed c evice consisting of-an inclined longitudinally slotted bar 13 supported at intervals by U-brackets 14', the nails hanging through the slots suspended by their heads and dropping by gravity into the notches of the transfer wheel, kas clearly shown in Fig. ,13. the. casting 3v oif'erhangs the periphery of that half of the transfer wheel that is traveling downwardly carrying the nails and prevents the nails from accidentally falling out of their seats.

The nails are bodily transferred freni the vperiphery of the transfer wheel 5 to the A shield 15attachedto` peripheral notches 8 of the turret 7 by a pivoted switch 57 (Figs. 15, 16 and 17) that is pivoted at 53 on a guard wall 59 attached to the table 1 and lying opposite t-he periphery of the turrent. The switch 57 is forked, as clearly shown in Fig. 16, and straddles the peripheralportion of the transfer wheel 5, and, as each nail slides over the inner side of the forked end of the switch, the latter is given' aslight swing toward the turret, by which the nail is transferred to the latter. The mechanism for actuating this switch will be described later.

Attached to the top of the turret-7 is a ring 16Y formed with peripherall semi-circular notches 17 larger than and registering lwith the notches 8 of the turret. These notches receive the circular fiat soft inetal washer blanks vwhich slide by gravity down a feed chute 18 (Figs. 3 and 5). Each blank, from theV point at which it is received in a notch 17 to a. vpoint short of the point where it is driven onto a nail, is supported by a thin plate 19 (Fig. 5) that is attached to a circr.- lar guard wall 2O inounted on the table 1 and encircling about one-half of the periphery of the turret wheel 7, beyond the guard wall 59", these guard walls serving toconfine the nails'in the notches of the turret as the. latterY rotates step-by-step, as hereinafter described. After a nail and a blank intended therefor have traveled about 90 degrees from the point of entry of the washer blank, the latter is driven 'down on. the stein of the nail about half way 'by a reciprocating hollow -haininer or punch hereinafter. described. K During this voperation the nail requires to be confined in a vertical position to-reeeive the. blank as the latter is inipaled thereon, and the blank requires to be pinched ed'gewise to support it above the point ofthe nail since at this point in the operation the blank has passed olf the end of the supporting plate 19. To confine the nail, in an undercut portion of the wall 2f` there is pivoted at 21 (Fig. 20) a guard bar 22 (Figs. 19 and 20) that is pressed towarr the turret wheel by a spring 23. The free end of this guard'bar extends somewhat beyond the point at which the blank is driven onto the nail, asV shown in Fig. 20; and beneath its free end portion there is a hole 2e (Fig. -1 forined through the table 1 through which any nail that failsY to receive a washer drops into a nail throwout chute 25 1). @f course, a` nail which has received washer is supported by the latter during its travel over the hole 24, as shown in The. washerblank, after passing oii' the end of the supporting plate 19, is pressed edgewise vagainst the wall of its notch 17 by a presser plate 26 located above the guard bar 22 (Fig. 19), this plate 26 being formed integral with an arinv27 overlying and pivoted at 28 (Fig. 20) to the fixed guard wall 2O.

ilG

the nail, as clearly indicated in Fig. 19.

turret wheel by a spring 29 19). `The washer blank is thus clamped edgewise in` position to be struck and driven down onto To prevent the presser vplate 26 from swinging so far inwardly as to be struck by the hamner in the event of the failure of a blank, its arm -27 is formed with a finger 30Y carrying a stop screw 3l adapted to Contact with the wall 20. ln the event of the failure of a nail to meet a washer, the washer is simply driven down below the'vloweredge of the presser plate 26, and is carried along on the notched fiange of the turret wheel until it reaches a downwardly inclined throw-out chute 32 (Fig. 4) through which it is discharged from the machine by gravity. lt will thus be seen that the machine automatically eXpels nails which fail to meet washer blanks, and washer blanks which fail to meet nails. This prevents clogging of the machine, and the mixture of faulty parts.

with the finished product.

The washer blanks are driven about halfway down onto the stemsnof the nails by the spring hammer best shown in Fig. 19. This consists of a steel punch 33 formed with a tubular nose 34 adapted to telescope over the stem of the nail and slidable and guided` in an externally threaded 'sleeve 35. The punch 33 is forced downwardly relatively to its sleeve 35 by a stiff' thrust spring 36 con-V fined between. the head 37 of the punch and Aan adjust-able abutment block 38 that `is mounted by means of an adjusting screw 39 in the upper end of a tubular lcasing .40 that screws onto the upper endof sleeve 35. Sleeve 35 is mounted in a collar 41 that is attached by a bracket 42 (Fig. 7) to a vertically reciprocating cross-head hereinafter described. t will thus be seen that the ham mer blow is a cushionedblow imparted through the spring 36.

Passing now to the mechanism by which the nails, with the washer blanks impaledVr in. a long bearing boss 45 on theunder side I of table 1. In the periphery of turret 43 are spaced notches 47 (Figs. 3 and 6) which, as the two turrets turnin opposite direc tions, move into Vand out of register with the notches `8 of turret 7. Lyingz opposite a portion of the periphery of turret- 43 is a fixed guard wall 48, the inner surfaceof which, as shown in Fig. 6, is channeled at 49 and 50 to accommodate the washer and the head of the nail. As shown inV Figs. 3 and 11, one end of the guard wall 48 is forked and straddles the peripheral ledge portion of the turret flange 7 in which the notches 8 are formed lat the point of tangency of the two. turrets, and functions as a switch to shift `the nails from the turret 7 to the turret 43. n y

Referring to Figs. 7, 8 and 9 mounted inthe table 1 area pair of vertical guide rods49, rigidly connected at their upper ends by a stationary cross-head 50. `The guard wall 48 is secured in posit-ion by a screw 51 (Fig.

.3) mounted in the table 1 and by another screw 52 which, `:is/shown in Fig. 9, attaches the guard wall to a split collar 53 mounted on' one of the guide rods 49. Swiveled on the. same guide rod 49 directly beneath the collar 53 is a segment plate 54 (Fig. 3) which occupies'a countersunk portion 46 of the table top and is secured in fixed position relatively to the table 1' by a removable dowel pin 55. In this segment plate 54 ismcunted a steel die matrix 56, most clearly shownas to its detail form in Fig. 26. As each nail reaches va position directlyabove the matrix` the head and neck ofthe nail drop into the'latter,

to receive the final die punch operation. `f

Describing neXt the die punch and its operating mechanism, 60 designates a reciprocating cross-headslidably mounted on the guide rods 49, this being the cross-head to which the bracket 42 and collar 41 carrying the washer applying hammer or punch are secured. Referring toy Figs. 22 to 25 inclusive, cross-head 60 is formed with a vertical bore 61,.the lower lhalf of which is enlarged as shownV at 61a. bushing 62` formed with an enlarged lower portion 62a occupying the enlargement 61a of the bore. In the normal and regular operation of the machine,y the bushing is stationary relatively to the cross-head, but in Fitted into this bore is av case Vof a fault to prevent injury tothe die punch the bushing may yield upwardly against the pressure of a plurality of thrust springs 63 that are footed at their upper ends in sockets in theVcross-head 60 and at their lower ends in sockets in the bushing enlargement 62, as clearly shown in Fig. 22. Extending through the bushing 62, 62J1 and coaxial therewith is a tube64 Vthreaded on its upper end to'receive a nut 65 that overlies the upper end of bushing 62 and the top surface of the cross-head. Bushing 62'and tube 64 form elements of the punch proper, and tube64 at its lower endhas a head 64Z1 that enters a recess 65 inthe lower end'of the bushing` enlargement 62a. A cushioning ring 66 of leather, felt or `the like, is preferably interposed,betweenthejhead.64uv and the bottom of the recess 65. Fitted intoY the head.

l64a is abushing67, and withinl the latter is fittedl the" upper end portion of a smaller steel tube 68, the lower end or nose of which is suitably shaped,.as shown in Fig. 26, to

' normally operative to `key the punch to the cross-head, but which, in the event that the hollow punch member 68 fails to register acf. curately Awith the nail, is automatically rendered inoperative inorder toY Aprevent injury to the punch. By reference 'to Figs. 22 and 24, it will be observed that the cross-head 60 is `formed with ay transverse circular bore 70 that intersects the upper vportion ofthe Vvertical bore enlargement 61a, and in the transverse bore k70 is journaled a locking member consisting ot asolid shaft 7l, the inner intermediate portion ot which is cut away to provide, onone side of the Ylongitudinal axis of the shaft, a semi-circular portion or key 71u. The lower portion ot the bushing 62 at a` point opposite the key 71"* is tormed with a recess or opening to admit the key 7l, and to a flattened portion ot the bus1 'ing eXtension 62a, just below said opening, is attached a hardened steel wear plate 73 (Fig. 25) the upper edge ot which registers with the lower portion of the recess 72 and is engaged-by the key 7la when thelatter irs-inY working position shown inr Fig. 22. From the foregoing it will be seen'that the downward movement oi' the cross-head is transmitted, vthrough the key la, the wear plate 73, the bushing 62, 62a, the cushion 66, the head dit, and the screw 69 to the blank engaging member 68 of the punch. At the time the punchmember 68 is in position to engage with the nail, the key 71av is in the idle or 'inoperative position shown in Fig. 23, and it at this time the punch does not telescope over the nail but strikes and is stopped by a bent or inclined nail, or any other obstruct-ion the blow ot the cross-head 'will not be transmitted, but the bushing 62, 62FL will simply yield upwardly against the relatively light thrust ofthe springs 63, thus saving the point ot the punch from injury.

Adjustably secured in the stationary crosshead 50 as by a set screw 74V is a nail rod 75 which extends downwardly tirough a bearing bushing 76 threaded into the upper end ot the tube ell and has a reduced portion a that extent-is down into the lower tubular member 68 ofthe die punch. This rod is, ot course, stationary; and as the punch rises usually tending to b ing the nail with it, the nail is arrested byV the Contact of its point with the lower end ot the rod, and thus forced clear ot the lower end Vof the punch.v

Referring next to the means for actuating and control nD key shatt l'ljis an arm 77, the tree end ot which is connected by a pull spring .78 to a bracket 79 attached tothe lower tace of the rod 89.

the key 7l, on one end of the cross-head 60. This spring 7 8 normally holds 'fixed cross-head 50 and extending some distance above the latter. Slidable on the rod 480 above the cross-head 50 is a collar 82attached to the lower end of a coil spring 83, the upper end ot which spring is similarly attached to a nut 84 on the upper end of the As the cross-head descends on its working stroke carrying the parts of the punch with it, the collar 82 strikes thel upper end oi the boss8l, and under the further downward movement ot the cross-head the spring 83 is compressed to a point at which it overcomes the pull ot the spring 78, and

Vswings the key member 71a trom the idle position shown in Fig. 23 to the operative position shown in'Fig. 22, thus locking the punch to the cross-head at or just before the nose of the punch reaches the washer on vthe nail. Should the nail be bent, or tor any other reason 'lie out ot register with the punch, the punch will be forced upwardly thereby carryin.0` the hardened plate 73 into overlapping position on the flat face orn the key 7l, so that, on the further descent ot the cross-head, the spring 83 cannotthrow the key into locking position7 but will merely be idly compressed. rthis safety device forms an important and valuable feature of the resent invention in view'ot its capacity to save the steel punch points from injury and breakage resulting trom imperfect-ions in, or accidental displacements ot, the nails.

After the punch has cleared the nail on its rising movement, thenail is kicked out of the die through the agency ot another kick-out rod 85 (Figs. v7 and 22) that is slidable in a hole 86 in the tablerl `registering with the die matrix, and is formed with a reduced upper end 852L that engages a hole in the bottom of the matrix directly below the head of the nail. rhis kick-out device is actuated at the proper time by mechanism hereinafter de'- scribed, and the ejected nail, with the washer die formed and pressed on its head and neck is swept by theturret 43 rotating counter` clockwise viewing Fig. 3 into a nail discharge chute 87.

Referring to Fig. 24, a dowel 'pin 88 anchored in the cross-head 60 slidably fits a hole in the bushing enlargement 62a to prevent any rotary movement ot the latter and thus maintain the locking recess 7 2 always in positiontobe engaged by the key 71a. Y

rlurning now to a description of the means for actuating the movable parts ot the machine in synchronized relation, M (Fig. l) designates an electric motor which, through pulleys 89 and 90 and a belt 91 drives a main power shaft 92 j ournaled in suitable bearings vid in the machine frame, the shaft 92 being preferablyequipped with fly wheels 93 kon its ends to steady its rotation. Splined on the shaft i 92 is a slidable clutch member 94 (Fig. 2) that cooperates with a clutch member 95 that is loose on the shaft 92 and carries aspinion 96. rlhe clutch member 94 is coupled to and disconnected from its cooperating clutch member 95 through the agency of a pivoted clutch shifter ,97, a swinginglink 98 and a hand lever 99, all as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

The pinion 96, through a large gear 100 drives an underlying countershaft 101 journaled yin are shifted from the transfer wheel 5 to the,

turret 7, is actuated on its working stroke by a pull spring 104 connected to the tail of the Y t y y by Va' compression spring 132. There is sut'tiswitch. 1t is actuated on its return stroke to a position behind the next nail (see the dotted line position shown in Fig. 16) vby thefollowing mechanism, best shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fast on shaft 101 'is a cam disc-105 that y is engaged bya collar 106 on the inner end of a lever 107 that is pivoted to one side of the machine frame at 108. To the other end of.

this lever 107 is adjustably connected a link 109, the upper end of which is connectedl to the horizontal arm of aV bell crank lever 110- (Fig. 2). The vertical arm of the bell crank.

110 lies opposite the outer end of a sliding rod 111- (Fig. 15), the inner end of said rod abutting against the tail of the pivoted-switch.

57.` A pull spring 112 connected to the klever 107 causes the roller 106 to hug the periphery of the cam disc 105. be seen that each time the lever 107 is rocked by the cam, the pivoted switch 57 is swung vto- 113 meshing with anddriving a bevel pinion- 114 on the lower end of a vertical shaft 115l journaled in bearingsfin one of the. side frame members 2, and fast on the upper endof shaft 115 is a radial arm 116 equipped with a roller 117 that cooperates in theusual way with a radi arly slotted Geneva wheel 118, this.

latter being keyed on the lower end ofl the drive shaft 44 of the turret 43. .Secured to the` top surface of the Geneva wheel 118is `a spur gear 119- thatmeshes with and drives a similar spur gear 120 (Fig. 12) fast on the lower end of the drive shaft 11 oftheturret 7 By this mechanism the two turrets 7 and-43 are?l simultaneously #intermittently rotated ,at

thetransmission line. The operation ofthe machine has, to a con- From the above it will` Referring to Figs. 1, 3 and9, the` nail kickout` device is'actuated from thelever v107 by meansv of a link 121 pivoted at its lower end to lever 107and at its upper endto an arm `122fast on', a rock-shaft 123 journaled in one offthe sideframe members, and a rearwardly saidarm 124 having a forked end 124 (Fig.

\ 9). which straddlesa collar 125 that issecured on the'lower endof the kick-out rod 85 by a 1' The transfer .vwheelw is driven from the turret-shaft 11 bythe means clearlyshown in Figs. 3` and 12, comprisingabev'el pinion -127 attached to theupper sideof turret7 and meshing with abevel pinion 128 loose on :shaft 4. The hubl of pinion 128 has asplne connect'ion\.129 with the hub of. a' toothed clutch plate 130 also loose onshaft 4, and sal'dclutch plate 130 is Vpressed intoV engagementwith a cooperating toothed clutch plate 1.31--mounted on thejface of transfer wheel 5 cientycleara'nce between the opposed ends of the hubs of pinion 128 and clutchmplate 130 to permit the latter to slip over clutchplate extending rarm 124 also fast on rock-.shaft 123,

131 in the event that the ,transfer wheel should f become clogged, thus avoidingv breakagevof Y siderable eXtent,beenalready indicated in the above' description of Aits parts, but may -be briefly summarized ,as'follows .`The nails, suspended by their heads, feed i by gravity. down the nail feed` chute 13, ythe foremostnail cOlling to rest in the uppermost notch of Vthetransfer wheel 5. As the latter revolvesbya step-by-,step movement, the nails are carried downwardly, inverted, and come to restywith their heads -supported on the `table 1, the nail in this position lyingldivactuates thelswitch in. adirection to push the nail into the notch of the turret. VVAs soon as the first-nail has reached the blank feed station, the gravity feed of the washer blanks iis, started down -lthefchute 18, theiforemost blank coming-to rest on the plate 19 in one ofthe notches 17 ,f the ring 16 and directly overthe point Aofthe nail, as clearly shown in Fig.Y 5.@ vThe nail and the blank ,arev then transferredfby' the turret 90 degrees to apsition directly below the Lwasher applying hammer,- as shown in Fig. 19. Duringthe latter` part of this travel the washer passes off the supportingplate 19 andis caught edgewise by the spring-pressed vertical plate 26 and is thus ,held from dropping out Vof the notch A17 At the same time thespringfpressed bar 22 completely closes theropenside of the nail' notch of theturret, so that the nail is maintained lin an upright position and confined' :against escape, The hammer then descends,

driving the washer about half way down on thestem of the nail. As soon as the hammer has cleared the' nailonits rising movement, i the nail with the washer impaledthereon is carried further by the intermittently revolving turret over the discharge opening 24 (F ig. f "4) in the table, the nail being supportedduring its passage over the opening by the washer as clearly shown in Fig. 4. If a washer fails to register with a nail, the empty nail simply` drops vout and is discharged throughl the Y opening 24 and chute 25. Similarly,if a nail fails teV register with a-washer, the blow of the hammer'simply forces the washer d own into the discharge chute 32, vwhence it is passed `out of the machine. As soon as the nail, with the washer` impaled thereon,

- reaches the'tangent point of the turrets 7 and 43, it is transferred by the switch 48 (F ig. 11) into the registering notch 47 ofthe turret 43. By this latter the nail is-stepped forward until the head'of the nail comes over the die matrix V56 into which it drops. .The die punch thenv descends forcing thefwasher down 'onto the under side of the head-ofthe lnail and 'squeezing the soft metal around the Y peripheryof the nail head and to some extent fe'f the machine. Y f

'40 As previously described, should thedie" around the shank or neck of the nail,y the punch point being suitably shaped to effect 'this formation, andthe dia-meter of the matrix cavity 'being slightly greater than the diameter of the nail head, whereby the lapplied washer takes lsubstantially the form andi-position relatively to theV nail shown in F ig; 27. On the rise of the Vdie plunger the Vnail kick-out is actuated, and the finished nail falls into the discharge 'chute and passes out plunger lfail to register properly with the 'ing blow, the locking device 71a Vwhich nor-A.

underlying nail and strike the latter aglancmally keys the plunger to the cross-headis held against operation, so that the ydie vpunch yields upwardly and breakage or injury thereof is avoided.

VVVhenthe die matrix becomes unduly worn and requires to be replaced by a new matrix,

the transfer is readily effected by simply 'withdraw-ing the dowel pin 55, and swinging the segment plate 54 out to one side of the 'm'a'c'liin'a The worn matrix may thus 'be easily knocked out and a new matrix inserted,

the segment plate is then swung back A.into `working position and secured bythe I haveherein shown and described a spe- 'cific embodiment of my inventionfwhich in 'Y se Vpractice has been found Vto operate eili'ciently jfan'd at high speed; but I do not limit the inventionl to the specific structural details dis- Y closed, ibut reserve all such variations andi modications-a's fall Ywithin the spirit and purview of theclaims'.

Ymeans for delivering nails successively to the nail-receiving notches, means for supporting the nails in said notches, means for delivering blanks successively to the blank-receiving notches, a hammer operative to im-v f pale said blanks on the stems of the nails, a die matrix in which =tlie nails are deposited, a die punch operative to shape the blanks on the llieadsof the nails, and means for expel@ f ling thefinished nails from said matrix.

2. In a nail-capping machine of the type described, the combination-of a table, a rotary turret on saidtable having registering peripheral notches to receive nails and washer blanks, respectively, means for feeding nails successively to the nail-receiving notches with ther heads of the nails resting on said table, means for feeding blanks successively to the blank-receiving notches above the pointed ends of said nails, a hammer operative to iinpale said blanks on the stems of the nails, a die inatrixin which the nails are deposited, a die punch operative to shape the blanks en the heads of the nails, and means for ex-V l peiling the finished nails from .said matrix` 3. In a nail-capping machine of the type described, the combination of a table, a rotary turret on said table having lower and upper registering peripheral notches to receive nails and washer blanks, respectively, vmeans for feeding nails successively to said -lower notcheswith 'the heads of the nails resting on vsaid tab-le, means for feeding blanks successively to said Vupper notches,

means forsupporting said blanks above the I points of the nails, a vertically reciprocable hollow hammer for impaling the blanks on the stems of the nails, 'a .die matrix beyond said hammer in which the nails are deposited,

a hollow die punch operative to force Asaid 7 blanks down to, and shape them on, the heads ofthe nails, and means for expellingthe iinishednails from said matrix.

4. In anail-capping machine of the type described, the combination of a table, a rotary turret on said tabl-e formed with lower and upper registering peripheral notches to receiveY nails and 'washer blanks, *respectively, means for feeding nails successively to said lower notches with the heads of the nails resting onfsaid table, means forfeeding blanks successively te said upper notches', a vertically' reciprocable hollow hammer for im- 'palin-'g the blanks on the stems of the nails, Y VIa guard wall opposite the periphery ofvsaid turret, alfixed plate supporting saidV blanks between the blanksfeeding means and said hammer, a spring-pressed member clamping the blanks edgewise in the operating zone of said hammer, "adiie matrixbeyond saidl hammer in which the nails are deposited, a hollow die punch operative to :torce said blanks down to, a d shape them on, the heads of the nails, and means for expelling the finished nails from said matrix. j 5. ln nail-capping machine ot the typ described, the combination ot a table, a rotary turret on said table formed with lower and upper registering peripheral notches to receive nails and washer blanks, respectively, means for feeding nails successively to said lower notches with the heads of the nails i on table, means tor feeding successively to said upper notches, a vertically rec-iprocable hollow hammer for impaling the blanks on the stems ofthe nails, a guard wall opposite the periphery of said turret, a fixed plate supporting said blanks between the blank-feeding means and said hammer, a spiingpresscd member clamping the blanks edgewise in the operating Zone of said hammer, another spring-pressed member coniining the nails upright in the operatingV Zone ot said hammer, a die matrix beyond said hammer receiving the nails with the blanks impaled thereon, a hollow punch operative compress and shape said washers on the heads of the nails, and means 'for expelling the finished nails from said matrix. 6. ln a nail-capping machine of the type described, the combination of a table, a rotary turret on said table formed with lower and upper registering peripheral notches to receive nailsand washer blanks, respectively, means for feeding nails successively to said lower notches with the heads ci the nails resting on said table, .means for feeding blanks successively to said upper notches, a vertically reciprocable hollow hammer Jfior impaling the blanks on the stems of the nails, a guard wall opposite the periphery of said turret, a lined plate supporting said blanks between the blank-feeding means and said li miner, a spring-pressed member clamping trie blanks edgewise in the operating Zone of said hammer, another spring-pressed member-confining the nails upright in the operating` fone oisaid hammer, means associated with said table JEer discharging from the machine nails that tail to register with blanks and blanks that tail to register with nails, a

die matrix beyond said hammer receiving theV nails with the blanks impaled thereon, a hollow punch operative to Ycompress and shape said washers on the heads of the nails, and means for eapelling the finished nails from said matrix.

l ln a nail-capping machine 'of the type described, the combination of a table, a turret on said table termed with registering peipheral notches to receive nails and washer blanks, respectively, means Jfor feeding nails successively to the nail-receiving notches with the headset the nails resting onsaid table, means Jfor feeding blanks successively to the blank-receiving notches, a hammer operative to impale said blanks on the stems of the nails, a second turret on said table formed with peripheral notches adapted to move into and out of register with the notches of said first-named turret, means for imparting simultaneous step-by-step rota-tion tosaid turrets in opposite directions, means tor switching nails from said first-named turret to said second turret, a die matrix underlying the peripheral portion of said second turret into which the nails are depositedby the latter, and a die punch mounted to reciprocate above said matrix.

Y 8. ln a nail-capping machine of the type described, the combination of a table, a turreaon said table formed with registering peripheral notches to receive nails and washer blanks, respectively, means for eeding nails successively to the nail-receiving notches with the heads ot the nails resting on said table, means for feeding blanks successively to the blank-receiving notches, a second turret on said table tangential to said first-named turet formed with peripheral notches adapted to move into and out of register with the notches of said irst-named turret, gearing connecting said `turrets and imparting simultaneous step-by-step rotation thereto in opposite directions, a switch' operating to divert nails from said first-mentioned turret to said second turret, a die matrix on said table underlying the peripheral portion of said second turret into which the nails are deposited by the latter, a vertically reciprocating cross-head above said table, a hammer mounted on said cross-head operative to impale blanks Aon said nails, and a die punch mounted on said cross-head serving to shape and compress said washers on the heads of the nails.

9. ln a nail-capping machine, the combination of a table, a vertically reciprocating punch carrier mounted on said table, adie punch mounted on said carrier, a segment plate pivoted on said table, and a die matrix carried by said segmen plate and shiftable into and out of axial alinement with sa1d punch by swinging said segment plate around its pivot.

10.*ln a nail-capping machine, the combination of a table, a pair oiE vertical guide posts mounted on said table, a cross-head slidable on said guide posts, a die punch mounted in said cross-head, a segment plate on said table pivoted on one oi said guide posts, a die matrix mounted in said segment plate and shittable into and out of axial alinement with said punch by swinging said segment plate around its pivot, and means for locking said segment plate in fixed positionv on said'table.

EDVVIN V. SWANGREN. 

